全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1298篇 |
免费 | 45篇 |
国内免费 | 75篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 709篇 |
力学 | 69篇 |
综合类 | 11篇 |
数学 | 270篇 |
物理学 | 359篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 55篇 |
2022年 | 37篇 |
2021年 | 50篇 |
2020年 | 27篇 |
2019年 | 22篇 |
2018年 | 29篇 |
2017年 | 50篇 |
2016年 | 42篇 |
2015年 | 42篇 |
2014年 | 63篇 |
2013年 | 72篇 |
2012年 | 69篇 |
2011年 | 70篇 |
2010年 | 70篇 |
2009年 | 90篇 |
2008年 | 83篇 |
2007年 | 87篇 |
2006年 | 70篇 |
2005年 | 61篇 |
2004年 | 52篇 |
2003年 | 43篇 |
2002年 | 27篇 |
2001年 | 25篇 |
2000年 | 22篇 |
1999年 | 23篇 |
1998年 | 15篇 |
1997年 | 26篇 |
1996年 | 20篇 |
1995年 | 9篇 |
1994年 | 14篇 |
1993年 | 10篇 |
1992年 | 7篇 |
1991年 | 6篇 |
1990年 | 6篇 |
1989年 | 4篇 |
1988年 | 7篇 |
1987年 | 5篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 3篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1959年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有1418条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Although both ultraviolet (UV) radiation and ultrasound (US) treatment have their capabilities in microbial inactivation, applying any one method alone may require a high dose for complete inactivation, which may affect the sensory and nutritional properties of pineapple juice. Hence, this study was intended to analyse and optimise the effect of combined US and UV treatments on microbial inactivation without affecting the selected quality parameters of pineapple juice. US treatment (33 kHz) was done at three different time intervals, viz. 10 min, 20 min and 30 min., after which, juice samples were subjected to UV treatment for 10 min at three UV dosage levels, viz. 1 J/cm2, 1.3 J/cm2, and 1.6 J/cm2. The samples were evaluated for total colour difference, pH, total soluble solids (TSS), titrable acidity (TA), and ascorbic acid content; total bacterial count and total yeast count; and the standardization of process parameters was done using Response Surface Methodology and Artificial Neural Network. The results showed that the individual, as well as combined treatments, did not significantly impact the physicochemical properties while retaining the quality characteristics. It was observed that combined treatment resulted in 5 log cycle reduction in bacterial and yeast populations while the individual treatment failed. From the optimization studies, it was found that combined US and UV treatments with 22.95 min and1.577 J/cm2 ensured a microbiologically safe product while retaining organoleptic quality close to that of fresh juice. 相似文献
2.
《Arabian Journal of Chemistry》2022,15(7):103915
There is a growing attention to the bio and renewable energies due to fast depletion of fossil fuels as well as the global warming problem. Here, we developed a modeling and simulation method by means of artificial intelligence (AI) for prediction of the bioenergy production from vegetable bean oil. AI methods are well known for prediction of complex and nonlinear process. Three distinct Adaptive Boosted models including Huber regression, LASSO, and Support Vector Regression (SVR) as well as artificial neural network (ANN) were applied in this study to predict actual yield of Fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) production. All boosted utilizing the Adaptive boosting algorithm. The important influencing parameters on the biodiesel production such as the catalyst loading (CAO/Ag, wt%) and methanol to oil (Soybean oil) molar ratio were selected as the input variables of models while the yield of FAME production was selected as output. Model hyper-parameters were tuned to maintain generality while improving prediction accuracy. The models were evaluated using three distinct metrics Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and R2. Error rates of 8.16780E-01, 4.43895E-01, 2.06692E + 00, and 3.92713 E-01 were obtained with the MAE metric for boosted Huber, SVR, LASSO and ANN models. On the other hand, the RMSE error of these models were about 1.092E-02, 1.015E-02, 2.669E-02, and 1.01174E-02, respectively. Finally, the R-square score were calculated for boosted Huber, boosted SVR, and boosted LASSO as 0.976, 0.990, 0.872, and 0.99702, respectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that although the boosted SVR and ANN models were better models for prediction of process efficiency in terms of error, but all algorithms had high accuracy. The optimum yield of 83.77% and 81.60% for biodiesel production were observed at optimum operating values from boosted SVR and ANN models, respectively. 相似文献
3.
本实验通过模拟植物光合作用,设计制备了新颖的光电联合催化池3D-ZnO/Ni BiVO4/FTO,用电化学沉积法制备了泡沫镍负载的ZnO纳米棒光电阴极和BiVO4光电阳极,以0.1 mol·L^−1 KHCO3水溶液作为电解质,1 mmol·L^−1曙红Y为光敏剂,在−0.6 V硅太阳电池的电压下光电催化还原CO2得到了乙醇、乙酸和甲醇,总产率22.5μmol·L^−1·h^−1·cm^−2。实现了将太阳能贮存为化学能并减少了空气中的CO2,加深了学生对绿色化学和植物Calvin循环机理的理解。 相似文献
4.
5.
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are widely used in recent years due to the advancements in wireless and sensor technologies. Many of these applications require to know the location information of nodes. This information is useful to understand the collected data and to act on them. Existing localization algorithms make use of a few reference nodes for estimating the locations of sensor nodes. But, the positioning and utilization of reference nodes increase the cost and complexity of the network. To reduce the dependency on reference nodes, in this paper, we have developed a novel optimization based localization method using only two reference nodes for the localization of the entire network. This is achieved by reference nodes identifying a few more nodes as reference nodes by the analysis of the connectivity information. The sensor nodes then use the reference nodes to identify their locations in a distributive manner using Artificial Hummingbird Algorithm (AHA). We have observed that the localization performance of the reported algorithm at a lower reference node ratio is comparable with other algorithms at higher reference node ratios. 相似文献
6.
Genetic Bee Colony (GBC) algorithm: A new gene selection method for microarray cancer classification
Naturally inspired evolutionary algorithms prove effectiveness when used for solving feature selection and classification problems. Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) is a relatively new swarm intelligence method. In this paper, we propose a new hybrid gene selection method, namely Genetic Bee Colony (GBC) algorithm. The proposed algorithm combines the used of a Genetic Algorithm (GA) along with Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) algorithm. The goal is to integrate the advantages of both algorithms. The proposed algorithm is applied to a microarray gene expression profile in order to select the most predictive and informative genes for cancer classification. In order to test the accuracy performance of the proposed algorithm, extensive experiments were conducted. Three binary microarray datasets are use, which include: colon, leukemia, and lung. In addition, another three multi-class microarray datasets are used, which are: SRBCT, lymphoma, and leukemia. Results of the GBC algorithm are compared with our recently proposed technique: mRMR when combined with the Artificial Bee Colony algorithm (mRMR-ABC). We also compared the combination of mRMR with GA (mRMR-GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (mRMR-PSO) algorithms. In addition, we compared the GBC algorithm with other related algorithms that have been recently published in the literature, using all benchmark datasets. The GBC algorithm shows superior performance as it achieved the highest classification accuracy along with the lowest average number of selected genes. This proves that the GBC algorithm is a promising approach for solving the gene selection problem in both binary and multi-class cancer classification. 相似文献
7.
AbstractThis paper considers the garbage collection problem in which vehicles with multiple compartments are used to collect the garbage. The vehicles are considered to be Alternative Fuel-powered Vehicles (AFVs). Compared with the traditional fossil fuel powered vehicles, the AFVs have limited fuel tank capacity. In addition, AFVs are allowed to refuel only at the depot. We provide a mathematical formulation and develop two solution approaches to solve the problem. The first approach is based on the saving algorithm, while the second is based on the ant colony system (ACS) metaheuristic. New problem instances have been generated to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithms. 相似文献
8.
Lei Zhang Chenyang Zhang Xin Dong Zeyuan Dong 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2023,62(6):e202214194
Lithium ions have been applied in the clinic in the treatment of psychiatric disorders. In this work, we report artificial supramolecular lithium channels composed of pore-containing small aromatic molecules. By adjusting the lumen size and coordination numbers, we found that one of the supramolecular channels developed shows unprecedented transmembrane transport of exogenous lithium ions with a Li+/Na+ selectivity ratio of 23.0, which is in the same level of that of natural Na+ channels. Furthermore, four coordination sites inside channels are found to be the basic requirement for ion transport function. Importantly, this artificial lithium channel displays very low transport of physiological Na+, K+, Mg2+, and Ca2+ ions. This highly selective Li+ channel may become an important tool for studying the physiological role of intracellular lithium ions, especially in the treatment of psychiatric disorders. 相似文献
9.
Mohammad Rostampour David J. Lawrence Jr Zaaferah Hamid Jade Darensbourg Percy Calvo-Marzal Karin Y. Chumbimuni-Torres 《Electroanalysis》2023,35(3):e202200121
It is well known that potentiometric sensors provide a versatile, cost-effective, and efficient platform for wearable applications. Unfortunately, mass production and commercialization of such devices is often constrained by the requirement of a calibration step, which is due to the poor sensor-to-sensor reproducibility and the need of conditioning the electrodes in the analyte before use. Herein, we fabricated calibration-free flexible sensors including ion-selective electrode and reference electrode by integrating single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with poly(3-octylthiophene) (POT) and applying on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate. The developed sodium and potassium ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) display excellent repeatability, selectivity, stability as well as high sensor-to-sensor reproducibility, with a standard deviation of as low as 1.0 mV in artificial sweat microliter samples volume. 相似文献
10.